Diabetes mellitus strikes 1 in 500 cats, though recent veterinary studies note that it has become increasingly popular. Symptoms in cats are similar to those in humans. Diabetes in cats occurs less often than in dogs. Diabetes mellitus-also known as "sugar" diabetes-is a complex but common disease in which a cat's body either doesn't produce or doesn't properly use insulin. In normal animals insulin is produced by the pancreas gland to control cell uptake and metabolism of glucose. Without having insulin, cells are starved of energy and the body starts to break down fat and protein as alternative energy sources. Too much glucose circulating in the blood aren't utilised. Its excretion by the kidneys causes loss of large amounts of fluid, causing increased urination and subsequently increased thirst. Diabetes mellitus may occur either as failure of the pancreas gland to produce sufficient insulin or as a resistance of tissue cells to insulin.
Diabetes mellitus is generally divided into two different types in cats: insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), and also non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). About one-half to three-quarters of diabetic cats have and thus require insulin injections as soon as the disease is diagnosed. The rest have NIDDM, having said that most ultimately require insulin injections to control their disease.
While diabetes mellitus can affect any cat, it usually occurs in older, obese cats. Male cats are more usually afflicted than females. Diabetes may result from other diseases such as primary pancreatic disease ..etc.
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